Terminal Bouton

A terminal bouton, also known as an axon terminal or synaptic bouton, is a specialized structure located at the end of an axon. It plays a crucial role in the transmission of nerve impulses between neurons.

Structure

The terminal bouton is characterized by a small, bulbous swelling. It contains synaptic vesicles filled with neurotransmitters, which are the chemical messengers involved in synaptic communication.

Function

When an action potential reaches the terminal bouton, it triggers the release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These neurotransmitters then bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, either exciting or inhibiting its activity. This process allows for the transfer of information between neurons and is essential for normal nervous system function.

Importance

Terminal boutons are fundamental to the functioning of neural circuits. They enable the complex integration of signals in the brain and are involved in processes such as learning, memory, and motor control.